Typographical photocomposing machine



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TYPOGRAPHICAL PHoTocoMPosNG MACHINE 19 Sheets-Sheet 19 Filed March 26, 1954 United States Patent 3,105,880 TIZIGGRAFHICAL IPHGTOCOMIGSING MACHINE Louis Rossetto, Kings Point, and Gino F. Squassoni,

Ilynbroolr, NX., and Wolfgang O. Grube, Bergenield,

NSL, assigner-s to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, a

corporation of New Yorls Filed Mar. 26, 1954, Ser. No. 419,012 30 Claims. (Cl. 95-4.5)

This invention relates to an improved two-unit typographical photocornposing machine. The first unit is an input or key-controlled coding unit which produces a coded tape representing the type matter to be photocomposed. The present application is confined to the second unit of the machine and is in the form of an output or decoding unit which is controlled by the coded tape prepared by the first unit, as well Ias an optical system for photographing the type characters, one after another, in the order in which they are to appear in print.

The general scheme of the present invention is set forth in the Introduction which immediately follows the description of the drawings; and a rather complete summary is given under Opera-tion at the end of the ydetailed specification. A further statement at this point, therefore, would serve no useful purpose and would be largely repetitious. The exact construction of the various parts and the manner in which they function can best be understood from the detailed description, However, it may be well to state here that the present machine, while capable of operating on any desired unit system, is herein shown and described as operating on `a twelve-unit basis, that is to say, twelve units to the em, the characters and the inter-Word spaces varying in width on that basis. It may also be noted that the invention does not require that the improved lmachine be made in two separate units, it being possible to combine the two units into one along the lines disclosed in the copending application Serial No. 342,15 6, filed March 13, 1953, now Patent No. 2,847,919.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the machine component-s;

FIG. 2 is a `front elevation of the font plate and operating mechanism;

FIG. 3 is a side elevation of the parts shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary front elevation, with portions removed, to show the mechanism for locking the font plate in position;

FIG. 5 is a detail of the font contact mechanism;

FIG. 6 is a front elevation of the shutter unit;

FIG. 7 is a side elevation of the shutter unit;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the aperture conigurations -for the various shutters;

FIG. 9 is a table showing the binary number values for the different character positions;

FIG. l() is a side elevation of the point size changing lenses `and the projection lens carriage with grid plate;

FIG. 11 is a plan view of the parts shown in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a plan view of the projection lens carriage drive mechanism;

FIG. 13 isa front elevation of the carriage drive mechanism speed changer;

FIG. 14 is 1a side elevation, partly in section, of the grid plate land the photoelectric tube and light source;

FIG. 15 is a sectional view taken along the line 1'5-15 of FIG. 14; p

FIG. 16 is la ray diagram for the optical system of the machine;

FIG. 17 is a front elevation of the decoding apparatus;

FIG. 18 is a front elevation of the tape drive;

FIG. 19 is an enlarged detail view showing the engagement of `a decoding switch with the tape;

FIG. 20 is a plan view of a part of the decoding apparatus;

FIG. 2l is a schematic representation of the coded tape showing various code signals and their interrelationship;

FIGS. 22, 23, 24, 25 :and 26 taken together constitute a simplified schematic wiring diagram of the relay circuits employed in .the improved photocomposing machine herein disclosed;

FIG. 27 is a block `diagram showing the relationship of the various electric circuit groups;

FIGS. 28 and 29 constitute a simplified schematic wiring diagram of the electronic circuits employed in the machine;

FIGS. 30a to 50e are key sheets which show the coils and contacts ofthe electromagnetic switches of FIGS. 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28 and 29 in spindle form; and

FIG. 31 is a pulse diagram which shows the time sequence of various machine operations.

`INTRODUCTION For a general understanding of the invention, reference maybe had to FIG. l wherein various parts of the photocomposing machine chosen to illustrate the principles of the invention are shown schematically. To introduce the machine components and set `forth their relationship, a summary description will first be given, tracing light trom the light source through the machine components to the lrn Where a character image is ultimately formed. Thereafter, a detailed description will be given of the various machine elements; which description will -constitute a preferred arrangement of the machine embodying the principles of this invention. The electrical system which controls photocornpcsing will also be described in detail hereinafter but it will not enter into the general discussion of the machine elements.

Referring specifically to FIG. 1, la source of light 50 is shown positioned in front of a reflecting -unit 51 which serves to concentrate and thus intensify the light energy ina direction forward of the source. The light then passes through a condensing lens 52 which distributes the light relatively evenly over the area directly in 'front of the lens. This area covers the entire character array of a type font which is arranged on la rotatable font plate 53. As is shown, the plate 53 carries a plurality of type fonts and may be rotated to permit any desired font, eg. 54a, to be selected for positioning in the light path. Rotation of the -font plate is effected by 1a friction disk 5S which engages the rim of the plate and is in turn actuated by an electric motor 56.

Light from the source passes through the entire font character array, the characters preferably being transparent kand the background opaque. To selectively pass to the remaining machine components only the light passing through a single character, a selective shutter is employed. In the broader aspects of the invention the shutter may be of any suitable arrangement for passing the light from a single selected character, but by prefer'- ence a binary shutter system 57 is utilized herein.

Located in front of the shutter is a lens board 61E which comprises a plurality of lenslets 60a, one for each character of the font. Thus the light, which the Ishutter system passes, is directed through an individual lenslet to an imaging lens 61 which then produces an image, in space, of the character selected for photographing. The image thus formed by the imaging lens becomes the object for the lens system which is termed the eyepiece, it comprising an eyepiece objective lens 62 and a turret eye lens 63. The objective lens is adjustable mounted for positioning along the optical axis of the machine. The turret lens may be any selected one of a plurality of lenses 63a to 631 mounted in a turret 64 which is rotatable to bring the selected lens into position along the optical 

1. A PHOTOTYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINE COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION, INTERMITTENTLY OPERATED MEANS FOR FEEDING THERETHROUGH STEP BY STEP A PRE-CODED TAPE HAVING THEREON A SUCCESSION OF CODE SIGNALS REPRESENTATIVE OF A JUSTIFIED COMPOSED LINE, MEANS FOR DECODING THE SIGNALS IN THE TAPE AS IT IS FED THROUGH THE MACHINE, A STATIONARY FONT PLATE PRESENTING AN ARRAY OF TYPE CHARACTERS ARRANGED IN DIFFERENT POSITIONS THEREON AND VARYING IN SET WIDTHS ON A UNIT BASIS, MEANS FOR PHOTOGRAPHING DIFFERENT SELECTED CHARACTERS, ONE AFTER ANOTHER, FOR COMPOSITION IN LINE, A LIGHT SENSITIVE FILM ON WHICH THE CHARACTERS ARE RECORDED IN THE ORDER IN WHICH THEY ARE PHOTOGRAPHED, MEANS FOR PRODUCING A CONTINUOUS RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN THE LIGHT SENSITIVE FILM AND THE PHOTOGRAPHIC MEANS FOR LINE COMPOSITION, A UNIT MEASURING DEVICE OF MEASURING EACH UNIT DISTANCE OF TRAVEL ON HE LINE COMPOSING MOVEMENT AND CONTROLLED IN ITS OPERATION BY SUCH MOVEMENT, INTERMITTENTLY OPERATED MEANS RESPONSIVE TO DECODED CHARACTER IDENTIFICATION SIGNALS IN THE CODED TAPE TO CONTROL THE SELECTION OF THE TYPE CHARACTERS TO BE PHOTOGRAPHED, MEANS RESPONSIVE TO DECODED CHARACTER WIDTH SIGNALS IN THE CODED TAPE AS WELL AS TO SAID UNIT MEASURING DEVICE DURING THE CONTINUOUS LINE COMPOSING MOVEMENT FOR VARYING THE TIME OF PHOTOGRAPHIC ACTION FOR THE SUCCESSIVE CHARACTERS BEING COMPOSED IN ACCORDANCE WITH UNIT VARIATIONS IN SET WIDTHS OF SAID CHARACTERS, AND MEANS RESPONSIVE TO DECODED WORD SPACE SIGNALS IN THE CODED TAPE AND TO DECODED JUSTIFICATION SIGNALS IN THE CODED TAPE AS WELL AS TO SAID UNIT MEASURING DEVICE DURING THE CONTINUOUS LINE COMPOSING MOVEMENT FOR VARYING THE EXTENT OF THE LINE COMPOSING MOVEMENT FOR THE SUCCESSIVE WORD SPACES IN THE LINE ACCORDANCE WITH UNIT VARIATIONS IN JUSTIFIED SET WIDTHS OF SAID SPACES. 